The coating is one of the most important components that affect the efficiency of the pavements. Parameters are effective in the proper implementation of the coating such as the type of coating, the application time, the rate of application, temperature, uniformity of application, etc. The uniformity of application requires field control in the project implementation, is currently used to control the spreading weight of the tray. This test has many errors due to the lack of continuity. The issue of uniform distribution of coating has become less attention. In this study, the automatic system is presented based on image processing using a camera, GPS, microcontroller board, and. . ., which can analyze the uniform distribution and provide a good, moderate and poor classification for coating distribution evaluation. Image quality has improved with image processing and compression and noise reduction have been done. The thresholding was used to separate the coating from the background. After the thresholding, various properties such as the area of the coating, coefficient of variation, local maximum, and minimum, etc. are obtained from the images and used to evaluate the coating distribution. Used categorization algorithms to select effective features in categorizing images. A comparison of the results of the classification of images by a confusion matrix. Finally, the results showed that the presented system has a precision of 86%. Also, using the effective parameters in the model, the uniform distribution index was presented. This index has a value between0 and 100, which indicates the best and worst distributions.

Today, literature and poetry have a more comprehensive definition than mere literary expression with academic meanings and tools. Literature is the collection of all the scientific abilities of the language in the field of structure and richness. The artistic creativity of the poet and the employment of excellent compositions and themes lead to the production of a literary and artistic work, which can be found in the excitement and expansion of the audience. The aim of this research is to reach the communication network of all the factors related to the language and the appearance of the word, which not only carries the meaning, but also creates a different meaning and concept from the apparent meaning that results from the phonetic, lexical or visual mechanism. A network that is referred to as "artwork". Artistic device (prime) is a meta-array approach to the aesthetic tools of language in poetry, which formalists consider to be the art of alienating language from the mind of the audience.

Background: Besides charging the patients with outstanding costs, tuberculosis (TB) causes high mortality and morbidity in a country. We studied the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values as well as the efficiency of buffy coat smear test in patients who were pulmonary TB suspects. This research was conducted at Massih Daneshvari Hospital, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD).Materials & Methods: According to clinical and radiographic records of 50 pulmonary TB suspects, five ml of blood along with smear and culture of sputum were collected. The research method was a clinical trial (Diagnostic test type), and the technique was of observational-interview type. Six buffy coat smears were obtained by Ficoll-Hypaque sedimentation method while the samples were stained by Ziehl-Neelsen stain.Results: On sputum examination, 32 patients (64%) were B.K positive while 22 (44%) had positive sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Buffy coat was positive in 4 patients (8%). In comparison with sputum smear and culture, buffy coat had sensitivity of 12.5% and 13.6%, specificity of 100% and 96.4%, positive predictive value of 100% and 75%, negative predictive value of 39.4% and 58.7%, efficiency of 44% and 60% respectively.Conclusion: In regard to the high specificity of buffy coat as compared to sputum smear (100%) and sputum culture (96.4%), it is possible to consider buffy coat as a method for screening tuberculosis patients that cannot expectorate sputum. Since buffy coat method has a high positive predictive value as compared to sputum smear (100%), it could replace other unavailable accurate methods like sputum culture and PCR and be used as a substitution for sputum smear.

The prime coat is used to create a layer of bitumen to seal the base layer surface in road pavements, protecting under-layers from water intrusion, binding the surface material, enhancing adhesion between unbound and asphalt layers, and preventing slippage between them. The presence of the solvent improves penetration of prime coat material through facilitating the capillary action. Because of environmental aspects, in this study, the cationic emulsion is produced with two different solvents, namely Kerosene and bio-solvent, with three different quantities, 0, 7, and 12 percent by emulsion. Penetration of emulsions in compacted base layer material was evaluated in dry and wet condition. The results showed that the amount of solvent had a remarkable influence in the penetration of emulsion and the solvent-containing emulsions had better penetration than emulsion without solvent. Also, aggregate type and their moisture content had a significant effect on the penetration of emulsion, so that the penetration in wet calcareous aggregates was more than dry calcareous and wet and dry siliceous aggregates.

Let R be a commutative ring with identity. A proper ideal P of R is an (n - 1, n)-Fm-prime ((n - 1, n)-weakly prime) ideal if a1, … , anÎR, a1 … anÎP\P m (a1 … anÎP\{0}) implies a1 … ai-1 ai+1 … anÎP, for some iÎ{1, …, n}; (m, n³2).In this paper several results concerning (n - 1, n)-Fm-prime and (n - 1, n)-weakly prime ideals are proved. We show that in a Noetherian domain a Fm-prime ideal is primary and we show that in some well-known rings (n - 1, n)-Fm-prime ideals and (n - 1, n)-prime ideals coincide.

In this paper, by considering the notions of maximal, prime, and minimal prime filters in residual lattices, we study their properties and some examples of residuated lattices are given. It is reminded first the notion of a filter of a residuated lattice and then we show that each proper filter is contained in a maximal filter and therefore in a prime filter. We investigate the prime filters in an MTL algebra and state and prove the fundamental theorem of the prime filters for residuated lattices. We investigate the residuated lattices in which each its filter is principal, and by using the prime filters, we inspect co-annihilators. Then the notion of a minimal prime filter in a residuated lattice is introduced and a fundamental theorem for minimal prime filters in residuated lattice is stated and proved. Finally, we introduce the divisor filters in a residuated lattice and by using them,we investigate the minimal prime filters.

Background and Aim: Wetness of etched dentin surface is an important factor in the accomplishment of an effective bonding system, however; the required wetness has not been recognized yet. Different dentin bonding systems need various degrees of wetness to create a hybrid layer with the ideal quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the wetness of etched dentin surface on nanoleakage and hybrid layer thickness.Materials and Methods: In this experimental parallel study, three kinds of dentin adhesives were used: One-coat Bond, Single Bond and Prime & Bond 2.1 and also three methods of drying the dentin surface after acid etching were used: Wet (blot dried), Semidry (3-second blast) and Dry (15-second drying). Class V cavities were prepared on 54 sound extracted premolars. After filling with a flowable composite and using silver nitrate, the rate of nonoleakage and the hybrid layer thickness were measured by SEM. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, DUNCAN test and correlation coefficient test at 95% level of confidence.Results: Nanoleakage was observed in all samples as the more dryness of etched dentin surface, the more significant nanoleakage was occurred. Moreover, in the most dried samples, the hybrid layer thickness was decreased significantly. The least rate of nanoleakage was observed in One-Coat Bond system along with wet condition and the highest rate was in Prime & Bond 2.1 in dry condition. In all studied systems the least nanoleakage and the highest hybrid layer thickness was related to wet highest hybrid layer thickness was related to wet condition meaning that the more hybrid layer thickness, the better seal of dentin.Conclusion: 1- Among the three tested dentin bonding systems, One-Coat Bond revealed the least rate of nanoleakage in wet condition.2- The highest rate of nanoleakage was observed in Prime & Bond 2.1 system in dry condition.3- There was statistically significant differences in nanoleakage rate of three different drying methods in each bonding system.4- There was a significant correlation, in nanoleakage increase and hybrid layer decrease,between all three bonding systems and three dentin drying methods.

Let R be a commutative ring with identity. We give a new generalization to prime ideals called ,-prime ideal. A proper ideal P of R is called an ,-prime ideal if for all a,b in R with ab 2 P, then a 2 P or , (b) 2 P where ,2 End(R). We study some properties of ,-prime ideals analogous to prime ideals. We give some characterizations for such generalization and we prove that the intersection of all ,-primes in a ring R is the set of all ,-nilpotent elements in R. Finally, we give new versions of some famous theorems about prime ideals including ,-integral domains and ,-, elds.